coal    oil    natural gas   sunlight   wind  biomass
electricity
charcoal biofuels
LPG/propane
Sources
    Extraction
    Treatment
Conversion
Technologies
Distribution
Service
Technologies
Carriers
(fuels)
  Services
Electricity,      grid, 
 
    truck, 
railway,
 women
light bulb, automobile, refrigerator, gas stove, arc welder, water pump
Architecture of the Energy System
communication
transportation
keeping warm/cold
food
health care
security
potable water
consumer goods
Coal mining,        tree felling,       oil/gas recovery etc  
Coal/gas fired power plant,  photovoltaic  panels wind turbines,  biogas digester                                                                               
A significant and growing branch of energy planning focuses on the issue of energy services as the starting point for analysis and design of a suitable response to the lack of energy for development issue. Energy access is becoming increasingly common part of our vocabulary as we address the issues of poverty, women, environmental and social issues, cost considerations and so on. It moves us outside the concept of Ôenergy as a sectorÕ and moving us decisively away from a Ôbusiness as usualÕ scenario.

As we refine our approach to energy access it is becoming clear that the provision of the services can be associated with particular forms of energy, namelyÉnext slide